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Angels in the Christian Bible are spiritual beings created by God to serve as his messengers and agents. The word "angel" itself comes from the Greek ''angelos'', meaning "messenger," which translates the Hebrew ''mal'akh'' with the same meaning.

They appear throughout both the Old and New Testaments in a variety of roles. Most commonly they deliver messages from God to humans — announcing births (as with Isaac, Samson, and Jesus), delivering warnings, or giving instructions. They also serve as protectors and guides, as when an angel leads the Israelites through the wilderness or when Raphael accompanies Tobias in the Book of Tobit. In other passages they act as warriors carrying out divine judgment, such as the angel who strikes down the Assyrian army in 2 Kings or the angels who execute the plagues in Revelation.

The Bible describes angels as powerful but not omnipotent, knowledgeable but not omniscient, and always subordinate to God. They are generally depicted as appearing in human form when they interact with people, though some descriptions are far more unusual — Ezekiel describes beings with four faces and four wings, and Isaiah's seraphim have six wings. Despite popular culture's depiction of angels as gentle figures with white wings and halos, the biblical presentation is often more awe-inspiring and even frightening, which is why "do not be afraid" is one of the most common things angels say when they appear.

The Bible names only a few angels individually. Michael is described as an archangel and warrior who fights on behalf of God's people. Gabriel appears as a messenger, most famously announcing the births of John the Baptist and Jesus. In the Apocrypha, Raphael features prominently in Tobit as a healer and guide. Lucifer or Satan is presented as a fallen angel who rebelled against God, and Revelation describes a war in heaven in which a portion of the angels fell with him — these become the demons of Christian theology.

Over the centuries, Christian tradition developed an elaborate hierarchy of angels — the famous nine choirs including seraphim, cherubim, thrones, dominions, virtues, powers, principalities, archangels, and angels — though this system draws more from later theological writers like Pseudo-Dionysius than from the Bible itself. The Bible does mention several of these types (seraphim in Isaiah, cherubim in Genesis and Ezekiel, archangels in Jude) but never presents them as a formal ranked system.

At their core, angels in the Bible serve to illustrate the bridge between the divine and human realms. They're the means by which God's will is communicated and enacted in the world, while also reminding readers of the vast and mysterious nature of the spiritual order behind the visible one.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Type !! Description
|-
! colspan="2" | Primary Types
|-
| '''[[Angel]]''' || The most commonly mentioned angelic beings, serving as God's general messengers and servants. They typically appear in human form and carry out a wide range of tasks including delivering messages, protecting individuals, executing judgment, and ministering to people. From the Hebrew ''mal'akh'' and Greek ''angelos'', both meaning "messenger."
|-
| '''[[Cherub|Cherubim]]''' || Powerful beings associated with God's presence, throne, and holiness. They guard the entrance to [[Garden of Eden|Eden]] in Genesis, and are described in detail in [[Book of Ezekiel|Ezekiel]] as having four faces (human, lion, ox, and eagle) and four wings. Golden cherubim adorned the [[Ark of the Covenant]] and the walls of the [[Temple in Jerusalem|Temple]].
|-
| '''[[Seraph|Seraphim]]''' || Fiery beings appearing only in [[Book of Isaiah|Isaiah]] 6, standing above God's throne. Each has six wings — two covering the face, two covering the feet, and two for flying. They proclaim "Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts." The name comes from the Hebrew ''saraph'', meaning "burning one."
|-
| '''[[Archangel]]''' || A chief or ruling angel. [[Michael (archangel)|Michael]] is the only angel given this title in the Protestant canon ([[Epistle of Jude|Jude]] 1:9). [[Gabriel]] is often considered an archangel by tradition, and in the [[Apocrypha]], [[Raphael (archangel)|Raphael]] identifies himself as one of seven angels who stand before God ([[Book of Tobit|Tobit]] 12:15).
|-
| '''[[Living creatures (Bible)|Living Creatures]] (''zoa'')''' || Four beings described in [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] 4, surrounding God's throne. Each has six wings and is covered with eyes. One has the face of a lion, one of an ox, one of a human, and one of an eagle. They continuously proclaim God's holiness. They share features with both the cherubim of Ezekiel and the seraphim of Isaiah.
|-
! colspan="2" | Other Angelic or Heavenly Beings
|-
| '''[[Sons of God (Christianity)|Sons of God]] (''bene elohim'')''' || A term appearing in [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 6 and [[Book of Job|Job]] 1–2. In Job, they present themselves before God alongside [[Satan]], suggesting a heavenly court. In Genesis 6, the "sons of God" who take human wives are interpreted by some as angels and by others as a human lineage.
|-
| '''[[Angel of the Lord]]''' || A figure appearing frequently in the Old Testament who sometimes speaks as though he is God himself, as in the [[burning bush]] encounter with [[Moses]] and the appearance to [[Hagar]]. Some Christian theologians interpret this as a pre-incarnate appearance of [[Christ]] (a [[theophany]]), while others see it as an angel speaking with God's full authority.
|-
| '''[[Watcher (angel)|Watchers]]''' || Mentioned in [[Book of Daniel|Daniel]] 4, where [[Nebuchadnezzar]] sees "a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven." The term becomes much more prominent in the apocryphal [[Book of Enoch]], but its biblical mention is limited to Daniel.
|}

Angels

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[[Bible]]

[[Apocrypha]]

https://ebible.org/engwebp/

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Sections of the Bible

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Dpdodson: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- ! Section !! Books !! Description |- ! colspan="3" | Old Testament |- | '''Pentateuch (Torah)''' || Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy || The five books of Moses, covering creation, the patriarchs, the exodus from Egypt, the giving of the Law at Sinai, and the journey to the Promised Land. The foundation of Jewish law and identity. |- | '''Historical Books''' || Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 S..."

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Section !! Books !! Description
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Old Testament]]
|-
| '''[[Torah|Pentateuch (Torah)]]''' || Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy || The five books of Moses, covering creation, the patriarchs, the exodus from Egypt, the giving of the Law at Sinai, and the journey to the Promised Land. The foundation of Jewish law and identity.
|-
| '''[[Historical books (Bible)|Historical Books]]''' || Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel, 1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther || Narratives tracing Israel's history from the conquest of Canaan through the monarchy, the divided kingdom, the Babylonian exile, and the return to the land.
|-
| '''[[Wisdom literature|Wisdom and Poetry]]''' || Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs || Reflective and lyrical writings exploring themes of suffering, worship, practical wisdom, the meaning of life, and love.
|-
| '''[[Major prophets|Major Prophets]]''' || Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel || Extended prophetic works addressing Israel's sin and coming judgment, the fall of Jerusalem, life in exile, and visions of future restoration and the messianic age. Called "major" due to their length.
|-
| '''[[Twelve Minor Prophets|Minor Prophets]]''' || Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi || Twelve shorter prophetic books spanning several centuries, addressing themes of social justice, divine judgment, repentance, and hope. Called "minor" due to their brevity, not their importance.
|-
! colspan="3" | [[New Testament]]
|-
| '''[[Gospel|Gospels]]''' || Matthew, Mark, Luke, John || Four accounts of the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, each written from a distinct theological perspective.
|-
| '''[[Acts of the Apostles|History (Acts)]]''' || Acts || A narrative of the early Church's growth from Jerusalem to Rome, focusing on the ministries of Peter and Paul and the spread of Christianity across the Roman Empire.
|-
| '''[[Pauline epistles|Pauline Epistles]]''' || Romans, 1–2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1–2 Thessalonians, 1–2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon || Letters attributed to the apostle Paul, addressing theology, ethics, church order, and pastoral concerns in early Christian communities across the Mediterranean world.
|-
| '''[[Catholic epistles|General Epistles]]''' || Hebrews, James, 1–2 Peter, 1–3 John, Jude || Letters addressed to broader audiences rather than specific churches, covering themes of faith and works, perseverance under persecution, false teaching, and Christian love.
|-
| '''[[Book of Revelation|Apocalyptic (Revelation)]]''' || Revelation || A visionary and symbolic work depicting the cosmic struggle between good and evil, the final judgment, and the ultimate triumph of God, culminating in a new heaven and new earth.
|}

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[[Bible]]

[[Apocrypha]]

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Books of the Bible

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Dpdodson: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- ! Book !! Description |- ! colspan="2" | Old Testament — The Pentateuch (Torah) |- | '''Genesis''' || The creation of the world, the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob), and the Israelites' descent into Egypt. |- | '''Exodus''' || The Israelites' liberation from slavery in Egypt, the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai, and the construction of the Tabernacle. |- | '''Leviticus''' || Laws a..."

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Book !! Description
|-
! colspan="2" | Old Testament — The Pentateuch (Torah)
|-
| '''[[Book of Genesis|Genesis]]''' || The creation of the world, the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob), and the Israelites' descent into Egypt.
|-
| '''[[Book of Exodus|Exodus]]''' || The Israelites' liberation from slavery in Egypt, the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai, and the construction of the Tabernacle.
|-
| '''[[Book of Leviticus|Leviticus]]''' || Laws and regulations concerning sacrifices, ritual purity, and holiness.
|-
| '''[[Book of Numbers|Numbers]]''' || The Israelites' wilderness wanderings, census data, and further laws.
|-
| '''[[Book of Deuteronomy|Deuteronomy]]''' || Moses' farewell speeches restating the Law before the Israelites enter the Promised Land.
|-
! colspan="2" | Old Testament — Historical Books
|-
| '''[[Book of Joshua|Joshua]]''' || The Israelite conquest and settlement of Canaan under Joshua's leadership.
|-
| '''[[Book of Judges|Judges]]''' || A cycle of apostasy, oppression, and deliverance under various tribal leaders (judges) before the monarchy.
|-
| '''[[Book of Ruth|Ruth]]''' || The story of a Moabite woman's loyalty to her Israelite mother-in-law, and her marriage to Boaz.
|-
| '''[[Books of Samuel|1 Samuel]]''' || The transition from the judges to the monarchy, covering Samuel, Saul, and the rise of David.
|-
| '''[[Books of Samuel|2 Samuel]]''' || The reign of King David, including his triumphs and failures.
|-
| '''[[Books of Kings|1 Kings]]''' || Solomon's reign, the building of the Temple, and the division of the kingdom.
|-
| '''[[Books of Kings|2 Kings]]''' || The history of the divided kingdoms of Israel and Judah through to the Babylonian exile.
|-
| '''[[Books of Chronicles|1 Chronicles]]''' || Genealogies and a retelling of David's reign with emphasis on worship and the Temple.
|-
| '''[[Books of Chronicles|2 Chronicles]]''' || A retelling of the history of Judah from Solomon to the exile, focused on the Temple and faithful kings.
|-
| '''[[Book of Ezra|Ezra]]''' || The return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon and the rebuilding of the Temple.
|-
| '''[[Book of Nehemiah|Nehemiah]]''' || The rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls and the restoration of communal religious life.
|-
| '''[[Book of Esther|Esther]]''' || A Jewish woman becomes queen of Persia and saves her people from a plot to destroy them.
|-
! colspan="2" | Old Testament — Wisdom and Poetry
|-
| '''[[Book of Job|Job]]''' || A righteous man's suffering and his dialogues with friends about the nature of divine justice.
|-
| '''[[Psalms]]''' || A collection of 150 hymns, prayers, and poems used in Israelite worship.
|-
| '''[[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]]''' || A collection of wise sayings and instructions on virtuous and prudent living.
|-
| '''[[Ecclesiastes]]''' || A philosophical meditation on the meaning of life, the limits of wisdom, and the inevitability of death.
|-
| '''[[Song of Songs]]''' || A series of love poems celebrating romantic and physical love.
|-
! colspan="2" | Old Testament — Major Prophets
|-
| '''[[Book of Isaiah|Isaiah]]''' || Prophecies of judgment and salvation, including visions of a future messianic age.
|-
| '''[[Book of Jeremiah|Jeremiah]]''' || Warnings of coming destruction of Jerusalem and promises of a new covenant.
|-
| '''[[Book of Lamentations|Lamentations]]''' || Poetic laments mourning the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple.
|-
| '''[[Book of Ezekiel|Ezekiel]]''' || Visions and prophecies from a priest in Babylonian exile, including the valley of dry bones and a future restored Temple.
|-
| '''[[Book of Daniel|Daniel]]''' || Stories of faithfulness in the Babylonian court and apocalyptic visions of future kingdoms.
|-
! colspan="2" | Old Testament — Minor Prophets
|-
| '''[[Book of Hosea|Hosea]]''' || God's faithful love for Israel portrayed through Hosea's marriage to an unfaithful wife.
|-
| '''[[Book of Joel|Joel]]''' || A locust plague as a sign of the coming Day of the Lord, and a promise of the outpouring of God's spirit.
|-
| '''[[Book of Amos|Amos]]''' || Denunciations of social injustice in Israel and warnings of divine judgment.
|-
| '''[[Book of Obadiah|Obadiah]]''' || A short prophecy against Edom for its betrayal of Judah.
|-
| '''[[Book of Jonah|Jonah]]''' || A prophet sent to Nineveh who tries to flee from God, is swallowed by a great fish, and ultimately delivers his message.
|-
| '''[[Book of Micah|Micah]]''' || Prophecies of judgment and hope, including the promise of a ruler from Bethlehem.
|-
| '''[[Book of Nahum|Nahum]]''' || A prophecy announcing the fall of Nineveh, capital of the Assyrian Empire.
|-
| '''[[Book of Habakkuk|Habakkuk]]''' || A dialogue with God about why the wicked prosper and the righteous suffer.
|-
| '''[[Book of Zephaniah|Zephaniah]]''' || Warnings of the Day of the Lord and a promise of restoration for a faithful remnant.
|-
| '''[[Book of Haggai|Haggai]]''' || Exhortations to the returned exiles to rebuild the Temple.
|-
| '''[[Book of Zechariah|Zechariah]]''' || Apocalyptic visions and messianic prophecies encouraging the post-exilic community.
|-
| '''[[Book of Malachi|Malachi]]''' || Rebukes of Israel's unfaithfulness and a promise of a coming messenger to prepare the way of the Lord.
|-
! colspan="2" | New Testament — Gospels
|-
| '''[[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]]''' || The life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus, with emphasis on his role as the Jewish Messiah.
|-
| '''[[Gospel of Mark|Mark]]''' || The earliest and shortest Gospel, presenting Jesus as a man of action and the suffering Son of God.
|-
| '''[[Gospel of Luke|Luke]]''' || A detailed account of Jesus' life with emphasis on compassion for the poor, outcasts, and Gentiles.
|-
| '''[[Gospel of John|John]]''' || A theological portrayal of Jesus as the divine Word made flesh, with extended discourses and unique miracle accounts.
|-
! colspan="2" | New Testament — History
|-
| '''[[Acts of the Apostles]]''' || The spread of the early Church from Jerusalem to Rome, focusing on Peter and Paul.
|-
! colspan="2" | New Testament — Pauline Epistles
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]]''' || Paul's systematic presentation of the gospel: sin, justification by faith, and life in the Spirit.
|-
| '''[[First Epistle to the Corinthians|1 Corinthians]]''' || Paul addresses divisions, moral issues, and questions about worship in the Corinthian church.
|-
| '''[[Second Epistle to the Corinthians|2 Corinthians]]''' || Paul defends his apostleship and reflects on suffering, generosity, and the power of God in weakness.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Galatians|Galatians]]''' || Paul argues that justification comes through faith in Christ, not through the Jewish Law.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Ephesians|Ephesians]]''' || A letter on the unity of the Church as the body of Christ and practical instructions for Christian living.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Philippians|Philippians]]''' || A warm letter of joy and encouragement written from prison, including a hymn on Christ's humility.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Colossians|Colossians]]''' || Paul affirms the supremacy of Christ over all creation and warns against false teachings.
|-
| '''[[First Epistle to the Thessalonians|1 Thessalonians]]''' || Encouragement to a young church, with teaching on Christ's return and the resurrection of the dead.
|-
| '''[[Second Epistle to the Thessalonians|2 Thessalonians]]''' || Further teaching on the Day of the Lord and exhortations to steadfastness.
|-
| '''[[First Epistle to Timothy|1 Timothy]]''' || Instructions to a young church leader on doctrine, worship, and church organization.
|-
| '''[[Second Epistle to Timothy|2 Timothy]]''' || Paul's final letter, urging Timothy to remain faithful in the face of suffering and false teaching.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to Titus|Titus]]''' || Instructions on appointing church leaders and living godly lives in Crete.
|-
| '''[[Epistle to Philemon|Philemon]]''' || A personal appeal to Philemon to receive back his runaway slave Onesimus as a brother in Christ.
|-
! colspan="2" | New Testament — General Epistles
|-
| '''[[Epistle to the Hebrews|Hebrews]]''' || An argument for the superiority of Christ and the new covenant over the old, with exhortations to persevere in faith.
|-
| '''[[Epistle of James|James]]''' || A practical letter on living out faith through good works, controlling the tongue, and caring for the poor.
|-
| '''[[First Epistle of Peter|1 Peter]]''' || Encouragement to Christians suffering persecution to remain hopeful and holy.
|-
| '''[[Second Epistle of Peter|2 Peter]]''' || Warnings against false teachers and a reminder of Christ's promised return.
|-
| '''[[First Epistle of John|1 John]]''' || A meditation on God's love, the test of true fellowship, and assurance of eternal life.
|-
| '''[[Second Epistle of John|2 John]]''' || A brief letter warning against false teachers and urging love and obedience.
|-
| '''[[Third Epistle of John|3 John]]''' || A personal note commending hospitality and condemning a domineering church leader.
|-
| '''[[Epistle of Jude|Jude]]''' || A short letter warning against false teachers who have infiltrated the community.
|-
! colspan="2" | New Testament — Apocalyptic
|-
| '''[[Book of Revelation|Revelation]]''' || Apocalyptic visions of the end times, the final triumph of God over evil, and the new heaven and new earth.
|}

Books of the Apocrypha

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Dpdodson: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- ! Book !! Description |- | '''Tobit''' || A narrative about a righteous Israelite in exile and his son Tobias, who is guided by the angel Raphael. |- | '''Judith''' || The story of a Jewish widow who saves her people by deceiving and killing the Assyrian general Holofernes. |- | '''Additions to Esther''' || Extra passages found in the Greek version of Esther that add prayers, letters, and more explicit references t..."

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Book !! Description
|-
| '''[[Tobit|Tobit]]''' || A narrative about a righteous Israelite in exile and his son Tobias, who is guided by the angel Raphael.
|-
| '''[[Book of Judith|Judith]]''' || The story of a Jewish widow who saves her people by deceiving and killing the Assyrian general Holofernes.
|-
| '''[[Additions to Esther]]''' || Extra passages found in the Greek version of Esther that add prayers, letters, and more explicit references to God.
|-
| '''[[Wisdom of Solomon]]''' || A philosophical and poetic text reflecting on wisdom, righteousness, and God's relationship with Israel.
|-
| '''[[Sirach|Sirach (Ecclesiasticus)]]''' || A large wisdom book similar in style to Proverbs, written by Ben Sira around the 2nd century BCE.
|-
| '''[[Book of Baruch|Baruch]]''' || A short book attributed to Jeremiah's scribe, including prayers of confession and a poem praising wisdom. Often includes the ''[[Letter of Jeremiah]]'' (sometimes counted separately).
|-
| '''[[Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children|Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Young Men]]''' || An addition to Daniel; a prayer and hymn sung by the three men in the fiery furnace.
|-
| '''[[Susanna (Book of Daniel)|Susanna]]''' || An addition to Daniel; the story of a virtuous woman falsely accused of adultery and vindicated by the young Daniel.
|-
| '''[[Bel and the Dragon]]''' || An addition to Daniel; two short narratives in which Daniel exposes the frauds of idol worship.
|-
| '''[[1 Maccabees]]''' || A historical account of the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire under the Maccabee family (2nd century BCE).
|-
| '''[[2 Maccabees]]''' || A more theological retelling of some of the same events, with a focus on martyrdom and God's justice.
|-
! colspan="2" | Additional books accepted in some traditions
|-
| '''[[1 Esdras]]''' || An alternate Greek version of parts of 2 Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah.
|-
| '''[[2 Esdras]]''' || An apocalyptic text containing visions attributed to Ezra.
|-
| '''[[Prayer of Manasseh]]''' || A short penitential prayer attributed to King Manasseh of Judah.
|-
| '''[[Psalm 151]]''' || A psalm attributed to David, found in the Septuagint but not the Masoretic text.
|-
| '''[[3 Maccabees]]''' || A narrative set before the Maccabean revolt, describing the persecution of Egyptian Jews under Ptolemy IV.
|-
| '''[[4 Maccabees]]''' || A philosophical discourse on the supremacy of reason over the passions, using Maccabean martyrs as examples.
|}

Apocrypha

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The Apocrypha refers to a collection of ancient Jewish and early Christian texts that hold an uncertain or disputed canonical status, depending on the religious tradition.

In the most common usage, it refers to a set of books (such as Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach/Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, and 1 & 2 Maccabees, among others) that were included in the Greek Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible but are not part of the Hebrew (Masoretic) canon. Their status varies by tradition: Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches consider most of them canonical (often calling them "deuterocanonical," meaning "second canon"), while Protestant traditions generally exclude them from the biblical canon, though they may still be valued for historical and devotional reading. Martin Luther, for example, included them in his Bible translation as useful reading but "not equal to Holy Scripture."

The word itself comes from the Greek ''apókryphos'', meaning "hidden" or "obscure." Beyond the biblical Apocrypha, the term is sometimes used more broadly to refer to other non-canonical religious writings, including various gospels, acts, and apocalypses from the early Christian period (sometimes distinguished as the "New Testament Apocrypha"), such as the Gospel of Thomas or the Acts of Peter.

[[Books of the Apocrypha]]

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[[Bible]]

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Bible

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[[Sections of the Bible]]

[[Books of the Bible]]