Books of the Apocrypha
Appearance
| Book | Description |
|---|---|
| Tobit | A narrative about a righteous Israelite in exile and his son Tobias, who is guided by the angel Raphael. |
| Judith | The story of a Jewish widow who saves her people by deceiving and killing the Assyrian general Holofernes. |
| Additions to Esther | Extra passages found in the Greek version of Esther that add prayers, letters, and more explicit references to God. |
| Wisdom of Solomon | A philosophical and poetic text reflecting on wisdom, righteousness, and God's relationship with Israel. |
| Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) | A large wisdom book similar in style to Proverbs, written by Ben Sira around the 2nd century BCE. |
| Baruch | A short book attributed to Jeremiah's scribe, including prayers of confession and a poem praising wisdom. Often includes the Letter of Jeremiah (sometimes counted separately). |
| Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Young Men | An addition to Daniel; a prayer and hymn sung by the three men in the fiery furnace. |
| Susanna | An addition to Daniel; the story of a virtuous woman falsely accused of adultery and vindicated by the young Daniel. |
| Bel and the Dragon | An addition to Daniel; two short narratives in which Daniel exposes the frauds of idol worship. |
| 1 Maccabees | A historical account of the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire under the Maccabee family (2nd century BCE). |
| 2 Maccabees | A more theological retelling of some of the same events, with a focus on martyrdom and God's justice. |
| Additional books accepted in some traditions | |
| 1 Esdras | An alternate Greek version of parts of 2 Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah. |
| 2 Esdras | An apocalyptic text containing visions attributed to Ezra. |
| Prayer of Manasseh | A short penitential prayer attributed to King Manasseh of Judah. |
| Psalm 151 | A psalm attributed to David, found in the Septuagint but not the Masoretic text. |
| 3 Maccabees | A narrative set before the Maccabean revolt, describing the persecution of Egyptian Jews under Ptolemy IV. |
| 4 Maccabees | A philosophical discourse on the supremacy of reason over the passions, using Maccabean martyrs as examples. |